Semi-colon

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The semi-colon indicates a stronger division than a comma, but a weaker one than a full stop.

Semi-Colon with Enumerations
  • Use a semi-colon in enumerations if a comma is already used to further separate an item of the sequence.
    • Example: We have business partners in Edmonton, Canada; Waterford, Ireland; Brisbane, Australia; and Durban, South Africa.


Semi-Colon between Main Clauses
  • Use a semi-colon between two main clauses if they are not separated by and, or etc.
    • Example: The rain stopped; the sun came out again.
  • Use a semi-colon between two main clauses with conjunctions (e.g. and, or) if a comma is used in at least one of the main clauses.
    • Example: James had, to put it mildly, a lot of problems; and not even his best friend could help him.
  • Use a semi-colon between two main clauses if the second one starts with an adverb that has to be enclosed in commas (e.g. however, in fact, therefore, nevertheless, moreover, furthermore, still, instead).
    • Example: He didn't feel well; in fact, he had a very high temperature.
 
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